Abstract

For the first time in Libyan flora, a new record for Boerhavia repens L is recorded. This widespread wild weed was collected from the Ariggiba region (110 km west-south Sabha city). A full description, habitat information, distribution map, and distribution data are provided to facilitate further identification and future detection. A brief discussion about the most important threats this species poses is presented.

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency is a prevalent health issue among children, with potential consequences for bone health and overall well-being. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in a pediatric population and identify associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 children (aged 1-10 years) recruited from medical laboratories in Gharyan City, Libya, between January 2022 and June 2024. Participants were categorized based on their vitamin D levels (deficient, insufficient, adequate, or optimal). Demographic data (age, gender) and vitamin D levels were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and two-way ANOVA. Approximately half of the study participants (49.75%) exhibited vitamin D deficiency. Females had a slightly higher prevalence of deficiency (27.5%) compared to males (22.25%). Significant differences in vitamin D levels were observed across age groups. Infants under 12 months had higher levels compared to older children (36-72 months). While gender was not a significant predictor of vitamin D deficiency in our study, previous research has suggested potential gender-related disparities. The findings of this study highlight the concerning prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among children in the region. Age appears to be a significant factor influencing vitamin D status, with younger children being more susceptible to deficiency. While gender may not be a major determinant in this population. The high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in our study underscores the importance of promoting sun exposure, dietary intake of vitamin D-rich foods, and supplementation strategies to address this public health issue. Further research is needed to explore the underlying factors contributing to vitamin D deficiency in children

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Harmonic function is one of an important branches of complex analysis. The first study of complex valued, harmonic mappings defined on a domain D was given by ClunIe and SheIl-Small [1]. Harmonic functions have been studied by different researchers such as Silverman [6]. In the present paper, a new class of harmonic univalent functions will be introduced. Various properties of functions belong to this class which include coefficient bounds, growth bounds, a closure property, extreme points, neighborhood and a convex combination will be obtained.

Synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from extracts of various plant parts

and of agricultural waste is strongly affected by pH. These green synthesis

methods cconsidered simple, cost effective, ecofriendly, and biologically

effective. This brief review aimed to survey the role of pH in the green

synthesis of AgNPs using those media, with a focus on its effect on AgNPs

morphology and size. This review article revealed that the alkaline pH (9 -

10) is the optimum condition for synthesizing more stable and tiny uniform

AgNPs. In addition, according to the reviewed articles, the spherical shape is

the most dominant shape of these articles in the basic medium and the size of

these particles decreases at elevated pH values and ranged from 5-40 nm.

Since the Alhamada area is known for its rangelands and most of its inhabitants raise animals, especially sheep and goats, this study was conducted by collecting samples randomly from six herds of sheep distributed randomly from the specific areas of Qurayat and Ghadames This study was aimed to determine the prevalance of Eimeria, which causes coccidian in sheep's and study the effects of many factors such as age, sex, and the breeding system, it is the first study conducted in the Hamada area on this parasite, using microscopic examination, 54 samples of sheep and goat feces were examined, of different ages and of both sexes in the month of May 2022. The result showed that the infection rate was 28% in sheep and 43% in goats. It was noted that there were no significant differences for age in the infection rate, as the highest infection rate was in the age group (>2) years (39%), while the lowest infection rate was in the age group of (1-2) years (7%), it was also shown that there is no significant difference for gender on the infection rate, as the infection rate in males was (22%) and females (48%). The results showed a slight difference in the infection rate between the open and closed breeding systems in the Hamada region, with the closed system averaging 25% compared to 20% in the open system. Clinical signs also appeared on some of the infected animals, including diarrhea, general weakness, and some of them showed plucking of wool/hair.

Dyslexia is a distinct learning disability that is distinguished by difficulties in decoding and reading fluency, spelling as well as other cognitive skills. This research is conducted to assist learning disability by improving the skills required for children with learning disability in reading and spelling using the assistive technology AVA interactive whiteboard. The approach is by strengthening the micro skills required to improve the fundamental skills such as reading, and spelling thus facilitating the learning process. Tactile and visual modalities are the main focus in the use of the interactive whiteboard. This study aims to develop an interactive whiteboard learning prototype for students with dyslexia. A total of six children from 3 demographics (Chinese, Malay, and Indian) participated in the study. Activities improving the four micro skills were introduced in normal whiteboard and the children were exposed to the prototype AVA interactive whiteboard. Responses using Interactive whiteboard were different when compared to their performance with the normal whiteboard. The analyzed results indicated showed improvements in three of the micro skills using IWB

The study aimed to present the first record of insect families in Farwa Island. Farwa Island is the largest and most important island in Libya; located in Northern west part of Libya in the Mediterranean, its insect fauna is poorly studied. Short time intensive collection of insect samples was conducted in four areas (mouth of the valley, bay of containers, center of the Island, and Ras-Attalgha) in February, March and April 2021. Different methods were used for insect collection, sorting, preservation and later identification to the lowest taxonomic level and verification. 9 orders, 31 families, 40 genera and 58 insect species were collected in the study; the center of the Island had the highest numerical density and diversity of insect fauna due to its diverse vegetation compared to other areas. Diverse suitable habitats and absent insect control measures provided suitable environmental conditions for insects breeding, feeding and hiding from enemies. This study constitutes the first comprehensive survey of insect fauna on Farwa Island and adds significant value to the ongoing assessment of insect diversity in Libya. A long-term study has to be conducted to investigate detailed information about the abundance and diversity of insects and other arthropods on Farwa Island.