1. Abstract: Albumin is the main protein found in the blood, and is the most abundant protein. It is manufactured in the liver and is a major factor in preventing blood fluids from leaking from the blood vessels to the body's tissues, as well as a link to vital compounds in the bloodstream and transporting them to the body's organs. However, a deficiency in the level of albumin in the bloodstream leads to increased permeability of the blood vessels, which leads to inflammation in the body and chronic liver disease or chronic kidney failure and some other diseases, and results in symptoms, the most important of which are swelling in the feet and face. This study was conducted to compare the deficiency of protein albumin in the blood by conducting a serum albumin analysis at Gharyan Central Hospital. This study included 90 cases divided into 30 cases with kidney failure, 30 cases with diabetes, and 30 healthy cases (control group), with ages ranging from 18 years to 80 years in the period from 3/2/2020 to 12/1/2021. The results obtained were compared using statistical methods, which showed through P-values that there is a weak direct relationship between age and albumin levels in people with kidney failure and healthy people (albumin levels increase with age), and also a weak inverse relationship between age and albumin levels in diabetes (albumin levels decrease with age). The results also showed significant differences, meaning that there is a difference between the average albumin levels in the three groups (kidney failure, diabetes, healthy people) by comparing the results obtained with the reference values, as it was found that the albumin levels in kidney failure were all at the reference value, while in diabetic patients and the healthy group, most of the readings were at the reference value for albumin.

We present a solution method for a general Riccati differential equation by imposing relationships between

the coefficients of the Riccati differential equation and explaining them through proofs and examples, we can find the

general solution to the various forms of Riccati's equation by integration directly after transforming it into a separable

differential equation.

A new record for Leptadenia arborea (Forssk.) Schweinf. is reported for the first time in the flora of Libya. This species was collected from Ariggiba region (110 km southwest Sabha city). A full description and habitat information on the plant are provided. A brief discussion about the most important traits of this species is presented.

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:Abstract

Smoking causes about 6 million deaths annually, increases the risk for many diseases and alters hematological parameters. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the negative impact of cigarette smoking on the hematological parameters of healthy smokers in Libya. A total of 145 smokers and 145 non-smokers, with age range 39-45 years, were recruited. Blood samples were collected from each participant and were analysed for complete blood count. The obtained results were statically analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA. The mean for all study variables for smokers (except for MCHC) was greater than that for nonsmokers. The coefficient of variation (CV%) showed that the smokers group was more homogeneous for most variables than the non-smokers group, except for BMI and LYMP. The results of ANOVA test showed that only in the case of MCHC the non-smokers had a significantly higher mean (p < 0.05). For other variables, the smokers had significantly higher means (p < 0.05), except for the RBC, where the mean was non-significantly higher compared to the non-smokers. There was no statistically significant effect for the age variable or for the interaction between smoking and age on all variables. In conclusion, the study revealed that cigarette smoking has a significant impact on most haematological parameters; confirming that smoking has severe adverse effects on most haematological parameters

Clostridioides difficile is widely recognised as one of the most common causes of healthcare-associated C. difficile infections due to the ability of spores to survive for prolonged periods in the hospital environment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of UV-C 254 nm light in the inactivation of the spores of different C. difficile ribotypes on brain heart infusion (BHI) agar plates or in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with varying spore densities. Furthermore, the effectiveness of a sporicidal surface disinfectant against C. difficile spores was determined on different surfaces. Spore suspensions of different C. difficile strains in the range of 10⁵–10⁷ colony-forming units (CFUs) mL⁻¹ were inoculated on BHI agar plates or in PBS and exposed to UV-C light for up to 30 min. Additionally, a spore suspension of 10³–10⁵ CFUs was spread over a 1 cm² test area on different surfaces, and sporicidal surface wipes were used according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The findings demonstrated that spores of C. difficile ribotypes exhibited a complete reduction in log₁₀ CFU on BHI agar plates and PBS following 20 min of exposure to a UV-C dose of 2208 mJ cm⁻². The surface wipes with sporicidal properties demonstrated efficacy in reducing the number of C. difficile spores on the Formica, stainless steel, and plastic surfaces by 2.03–3.53 log₁₀. The present study demonstrates that moist surfaces or liquids can enhance the efficacy of UV-C treatment in reducing C. difficile spores. This approach may be applicable to the surfaces of healthcare facilities and to water disinfection systems.

Abstract

For the first time in Libyan flora, a new record for Boerhavia repens L is recorded. This widespread wild weed was collected from the Ariggiba region (110 km west-south Sabha city). A full description, habitat information, distribution map, and distribution data are provided to facilitate further identification and future detection. A brief discussion about the most important threats this species poses is presented.

Synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from extracts of various plant parts

and of agricultural waste is strongly affected by pH. These green synthesis

methods cconsidered simple, cost effective, ecofriendly, and biologically

effective. This brief review aimed to survey the role of pH in the green

synthesis of AgNPs using those media, with a focus on its effect on AgNPs

morphology and size. This review article revealed that the alkaline pH (9 -

10) is the optimum condition for synthesizing more stable and tiny uniform

AgNPs. In addition, according to the reviewed articles, the spherical shape is

the most dominant shape of these articles in the basic medium and the size of

these particles decreases at elevated pH values and ranged from 5-40 nm

Harmonic function is one of an important branches of complex analysis. The first study of complex valued, harmonic mappings defined on a domain D was given by ClunIe and SheIl-Small [1]. Harmonic functions have been studied by different researchers such as Silverman [6]. In the present paper, a new class of harmonic univalent functions will be introduced. Various properties of functions belong to this class which include coefficient bounds, growth bounds, a closure property, extreme points, neighborhood and a convex combination will be obtained.

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